COURSES
Business Mandarin
Beginning to advanced level, up to date business Mandarin courses for people who need to improve communication skills in Mandarin language in the business areas.
/*LEVELS GUIDE
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Elementary
Elementary Level
Level 1 – Beginning:
You have a basic knowledge and understanding of Mandarin pinyin sounds, simple sentence structures and grammar, and therefore you are able to communicate in a very limited way with basic oral and listening tasks and situations.
Level 2 – Elementary:
You have a basic command of Mandarin language at the level needed in a limited range of simple, routine and familiar tasks and situations such as might be encountered in everyday life.
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Intermediate
Intermediate Level
Level 3 – Intermediate 1
You have an improved knowledge and understanding of Mandarin vocabulary and sentence structures, and therefore you are able to perform many uncomplicated communicative tasks and cope adequately with routine social and work situations.
Level 4 – Intermediate 2
You are able to follow the general meaning of a conversation about familiar subjects in both everyday communication and social and work situations. You are able to refashion and recombine what you have learned to meet the requirements of communication at an intermediate level.
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Upper Intermediate
Upper Intermediate Level
Level 3 – Upper Intermediate 1
You are able to understand new information about familiar topics when presented in context, and can sustain a simple conversation with others on these topics
Level 4 – Upper Intermediate 2
You are able to initiate, sustain and conclude most routine communicative tasks for personal and work needs.
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Advanced
Advanced Level
Level 5 – Advanced 1
You have assimilated the essentials of the language, can communicate completely and comfortably, and can find different ways of formulating what you want to express.
Level 6 – Advanced 2
You are able to use language to express intellectual as well as practical concepts, and can deal comfortably with most situations over the telephone.
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Professional
Professional Level
Level 7 – Professional 1
You are able to participate easily in social and professional conversations, and perform tasks such as conducting a meeting. You can communicate effectively with various audiences on a wide range of topics, and your skills include public speaking and critical listening.
Level 8 – Professional 2
You have full command of the language. Your knowledge of vocabulary and linguistic structures is similar to that of an educated native speaker. Communication is fluent, appropriate and well organised.
HSK 3A
- Text Book:
- HSK Standard Course 3 (Lessons 1-7)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 4-5 & Reading 1 or 100 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 100 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- What’s your plan for the weekend
- When will he come back
- There are plenty of drinks on the table
- She always smiles when talking to customers
- I am getting heavier
- Why are they suddenly missing
- I have known her for five years
Grammar:
- Result complement ‘hao’
- Negative structure ‘not … at all’
- Conjunction ‘na’
- Directional complement
- Successive occurrence of two actions
- Rhetoric question ‘neng … ma’
- Comparison of ‘haishi’ and ‘huozhe’
- Expression of existence
- Possibility indicator ‘hui’
- Structure of ‘you…you…’
- Accompanying action V1+ zhe+ V2
- Change indicator ‘le’
- Structure of ‘yue lai yue…’
- Possibility complement V+de, V+bu
- Casual question word for location ‘ne’
- Comparison of ‘gang’ and ‘gangcai’
- Express a period of time
- Express interest
- Clock time expressions
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Talk about leisure plans
- Organise outing activities
- Make telephone calls
- Discuss weather and climate
- Do daily shopping
- Describe appearance and personality
- Describe sickness and see a doctor
- Organise travel plans and transport
- Know more characters and vocabularies
- Know Chinese traditional sports
HSK 3B
- Text Book:
- HSK Standard Course 3 (Lessons 8-14)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 5 & Reading 1 or 120 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 150 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- I will go wherever you go
- She speaks Chinese like a native speaker
- Mathematics is much harder than history
- Don’t forget to turn off the air conditioner
- Leave the important items with me
- I walked back
- Please pass me the fruits
Grammar:
- Comparison of adverbs ‘you’ and ‘zai’
- Interrogative pronouns 1
- Structure of ‘yue A yue B’
- Comparative sentences ‘A gen B yiyang’
- Comparative sentences ‘A bi B+ adj +modification
- Expression of approximate numbers
- ‘Ba’ sentences
- Adv ‘cai’ and ‘jiu’
- Compound directional complement
- Structure of ‘yibian… yibian…’
- Sequence sentences, ‘xian…zai/you… ranhou…’
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Describe house layout
- Host guests at home
- Give advice on diet and health
- Discuss language learning issues
- Talk about school subjects
- Make comparison
- Talk about packing and luggage for travel
- Describe locations and directions
- Describe daily activities and house chores
- Know more characters and vocabularies
- Know traditional Chinese wedding custom
HSK 3C
- Text Book:
- HSK Standard Course 3 (Lessons 15-20)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 5-6 & Reading 1 or 140 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 200 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- The rest are alright
- I am so tired that…
- Doing sports is important
- I believe they will agree
- Don’t you recognise him
- I have been influenced by him
Grammar:
- Structure ‘chule…yiwai, hai/ye/dou…’
- Interrogative pronouns 2
- Degree indicator ‘jile’
- Structures of ‘if…’
- Complex complements of state
- Reduplication of single syllable words ‘AA de, BB de’
- Reduplication of disyllable verbs
- Interrogative pronouns 3
- Structure ‘zhiyao… jiu…’
- Preposition ‘guanyu’
- Extension of directional complements
- Comparison of ‘shi’, ‘rang’, ‘jiao’
- Passive voice with ‘bei’
- Structure of ‘zhiyou…cai…’
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Make comments
- Give advice on language learning
- Make complain about daily life
- Talk about colleagues and other people
- Give advice on sports, exercise and health
- Talk about raising pets
- Attend job interviews
- Talk about change of appearance
- Know more characters and vocabularies
- Know Chinese gift giving taboos
HSK 4A
- Text Book:
- HSK Standard Course 4 (Lessons 1-5)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 6-7 & Reading 2 or 160 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 300 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Simple love
- A true friend
- I have made a good impression on the manager
- Don’t be anxious to make money
- Buy the right, not the expensive
Grammar:
- 不仅。。。也/还/而且。。。
- 从来
- 刚vs刚才
- 即使。。。也。。。
- 在。。。上
- 正好
- 差不多vs几乎
- 尽管。。。却。。。
- 却
- 而
- 挺+adj
- 本来
- 另外vs另
- 首次。。。其次。。。再次。。。
- 原来vs本来
- 并
- 按照
- 甚至
- 肯定
- 再说
- 实际/实际上
- 对。。。来说
- 尤其vs特别
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss relationship and marriage
- Know about Chinese traditional Qixi Festival
- Discuss friends and friendship
- Talk about recruitment and job interview
- Know about Chinese traditional tunic suit and cheongsam
- Discuss business and company culture
- Talk about consuming habits
- Know more characters and vocabularies
- Know more idioms, slangs and common saying
HSK 4B
- Text Book:
- HSK Standard Course 4 (Lessons 6-10)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 7 & Reading 2 or 180 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 400 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- The higher price, the better the quality
- The best doctor is yourself
- Beauty is not rare in life
- The sun will shine again after storm
- Standard of happiness
Grammar:
- 竟然。。。
- X倍
- 值得/值
- 其中
- 在。。。下
- 估计vs可能
- 来不及/来得及
- 离合词重叠用法
- 要是。。。
- 既。。。又/也/还。。。
- 使
- 只要。。。就。。。
- 可不是
- 因此/所以
- 往往 vs常常vs经常
- 难道。。。
- 通过vs经过
- 可是
- 结果
- 上
- 不过vs但是vs可是
- 确实
- 在。。。看来
- 由于
- 比如
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Do shopping and bargaining
- Give advice on good habits and health
- Know about Taiji and Taijiquan
- Discuss transportation and traffic conditions
- Discuss colours and personalities
- Discuss diet and sports
- Discuss the secret of success
- Debate on issues of life and happiness
- Know more characters and vocabularies
- Know more idioms, slangs and common sayings
HSK 4C
- Text Book:
- HSK Standard Course 4 (Lessons 11-15)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 7-8 & Reading 2 or 200 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 500 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- It’s good to read
- Discover the world with your heart
- Watching Beijing opera
- Protect our mother earth
- The art of educating children
Grammar:
- 连。。。也/都。。。
- 无论/不管
- 并且
- 再。。。也。。。
- 对于vs关于
- 大概vs也许
- 偶尔
- 由
- 进行
- 随着
- 够
- 以
- 既然。。。就。。。
- 于是vs因此
- A, B, C什么的
- 想起来
- 弄
- 千万vs一定
- 来
- 左右vs大概
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss reading habits
- Discuss exams
- Know about some classic work in Chinese literature
- Talk about life experience
- Know about Confucius’ education ideas
- Talk about Beijing opera
- Talk about Chinese tea culture and chopsticks
- Discuss pollution and environment issues
- Discuss children’s education issues
- Know more characters and vocabularies
- Know more idioms, slangs and common saying
HSK 4D
- Text Book:
- HSK Standard Course 4 (Lessons 16-20)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 8 & Reading 2 or 220 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 600 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Life can be better
- Humans and nature
- Science, technology and the world
- Taste of life
- The view along the way
Grammar:
- 可
- 恐怕vs怕
- 到底
- 拿。。。来说
- 敢
- 倒
- 干
- 趟vs次
- 为了。。。而。。。
- 仍然
- 是否
- 受不了/受得了
- 接着vs然后
- 除此之外
- 把。。。叫做。。。
- 疑问代词活指用法
- 上
- 出来vs起来
- 总的来说
- 在于
- V+着+V着
- 一。。。就。。。
- 究竟vs到底
- 起来
- V+起
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss young peoples’ lives in China
- Discuss nature issues
- Discuss panda and other endangered animals
- Discuss new technology and its impact
- Talk about ordinary peoples’ lives
- Talk about travel experiences
- Know more characters and vocabularies
- Know more idioms, slangs and common sayings
HSK 5A
- Text Book:
- HSK Standard Course 5 (Lessons 1-6)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin Advanced 1
Knowledge of 700 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Details of love
- Leaving a bunch of keys to our parents
- Choices make change possible
- Zilu carrying rice
- Spring water in Ji’nan
- Origin of Chuxi
Grammar:
- 如何vs怎么
- 靠
- 居然
- 以来
- 临
- 立刻vs马上
- 悄悄vs偷偷
- 包括
- 各自
- 勿
- 时刻
- 舒适vs舒服
- 至今
- 顶
- 。。。得+不行
- 反而
- 满足vs满意
- 从而
- 于
- 为(wéi)
- 起来
- 替
- 说不定
- 似的
- 纷纷
- 打听vs询问
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss relationship and marriage
- Discuss the generation gap issues
- Discuss children’s education issues
- Discuss the filial concept
- Discuss traditional Chinese festivals
- Know more characters and vocabularies
- Know more idioms, slangs and common sayings
HSK 5B
- Text Book:
- HSK Standard Course 5 (Lessons 7-12)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin Advanced 1
Knowledge of 800 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Two idiom stories
- Three at dawn and four at dusk
- Lu Xun that you don’t know
- Miracle of debate
- Harm of alarm clock
- Overseas users of wechat
Grammar:
- 瞎
- 分别
- 根
- 便
- 忽然vs突然
- 倒
- 。。。来。。。去
- 要不
- 彼此vs互相
- 算
- 作为
- 曾经
- 亲自vs自己
- 毕竟
- 逐渐vs渐渐
- 或许
- 显示vs显得
- 来/过来
- 所
- 相当
- 数
- 持续vs继续
- 以及
- 程度
- 发达vs发展
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Know stories of Chinese idioms
- Know the story behind the Chinese restaurant Guangheju
- Debate on the social issues
- Discuss lifestyles and everyday habits
- Discuss telecommunication and social media
- Know more characters and vocabularies
- Know more idioms, slangs and common sayings
HSK 5C
- Text Book:
- HSK Standard Course 5 (Lessons 13-18)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin Advanced 2
Knowledge of 1,000 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Cutting off the ‘Bottom of the basket’ in life
- Quadrangle courtyards in Beijing
- Being an armchair strategist
- Weight and diet
- Ending at the best moment
- Abstract art: beautiful or ugly?
Grammar:
- 何况
- 何必
- 多亏
- 激烈vs强烈
- 所谓
- 则
- 为。。。所。。。
- 起
- 通常vs常常
- 过
- 迟早
- 再三
- 即
- 个别
- 非
- 临时vs暂时
- 以
- 平常
- 宁可
- 极其
- 其余
- 可见
- 目前vs现在
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Talk about the origin of basketball
- Talk about quadrangle courtyards in Beijing
- Know the story behind idiom –纸上谈兵
- Discuss diet and health issues
- Talk about abstract art
- Know more characters and vocabularies
- Know more idioms, slangs and common sayings
HSK 5D
- Text Book:
- HSK Standard Course 5 (Lessons 19-24)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin Advanced 2
Knowledge of 1,000 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Turnip pancakes in my hometown
- Picture story book stalls
- Uncle Hanzi
- Reading and thinking
- Letting go
- Volunteer teaching
Grammar:
- 般/闻/趁
- 动词+得/不+起
- 支
- 凭
- 硬
- 偶然
- 尽快
- 一旦
- 难免
- 自从
- 一致
- 某
- 幸亏
- 行动
- 义务
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Talk about traditional Chinese cuisine
- Talk about the stories of Chinese characters
- Discuss reading and thinking issues
- Discuss young people’s education
- Discuss some volunteer work
- Know more characters and vocabularies
- Know more idioms, slangs and common sayings
Mandarin Reading 1
(Intermediate 1)
- Text Book:
- Conversational Chinese 301, Book 1 (Lessons 1-20)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 5-6 or HSK Level 2
- Topics:
Topics:
- Numbers
- Greetings and socializing
- Family and friends
- Day and date
- Locations and directions
- Shopping
- Public transportation
- Past experiences
- Weather and climate
- Sports and leisure
- Picking up people from the airport
- Food and drink
Outcomes:
You will:
- Be able to read 250-300 characters
- Be able to use 400 words
- Have improved reading comprehension
- Have improved listening and speaking skills
- Be prepared for the HSK Level 3 Test
End of course test:
30 minute in-house character test
Mandarin Reading 2
(Intermediate 2)
- Text Book:
- Conversational Chinese 301, Book 2 (Lessons 21-40)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 7-8, Mandarin Reading 1 or HSK Level 3
- Topics:
Topics:
- Inviting and declining an invitation
- Praising and responding
- Making comparisons
- More on sports and leisure
- Language learning
- Travel experiences
- Seeing a doctor
- Comforting people
- Shipment of luggage
- Helping people to make arrangements
- Chinese proverbs
Outcomes:
You will:
- Be able to read 500-550 characters
- Be able to use 800 words
- Have improved reading comprehension
- Have improved listening and speaking skills
- Be prepared for the HSK Level 4 Test
End of course test:
30 minute in-house character test
Children’s Mandarin Reading 1 (Background speakers)
- Text Book:
- Easy Steps to Chinese, Book 1 (Lessons 1-15)
- Pre-requisites:
No prior reading knowledge
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
Stage 3
Duration of course:
2-3 school terms (40-60 hours)
- Topics:
- The Pinyin phonetic alphabet and basic strokes
- Numbers
- Greetings
- Names and age
- Family
- Occupation
- Dates and days
- Time and daily activities
- Means of transport
- Colours
- Clothing
- Parts of the body
- Chinese character structure and stroke order
- Chinese cultural notes
Outcomes:
Children will:
- Be able to read 150-200 characters
- Be able to use 300-400 words
- Be able to write texts of 50-60 words
- Have improved reading comprehension
- Have improved listening and speaking skills
- Have improved writing skills
End of course test:
No test
Children’s Mandarin Reading 2 (Background speakers)
- Text Book:
- Easy Steps to Chinese, Book 2 (Lessons 1-15)
- Pre-requisites:
Completion of Easy Steps to Chinese Book 1 or 1 year of study
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
Stage 4
Duration of course:
2-3 school terms (40-60 hours)
- Topics:
Topics:
- Revision of the Pinyin phonetic alphabet and basic strokes
- Revision of Chinese characters
- Countries, nationalities and languages
- School subjects
- Making phone calls
- Weather and seasons
- Seeing doctor
- Hobby 1: Music
- Hobby 2: Sports
- Hobby 3: Dance
- Vegetables and fruits
- Daily meals
- Eating out
- House and furniture
- Neighbourhood
- Chinese character structure and stroke order
- Chinese cultural notes, traditions and stories
Outcomes:
Children will:
- Be able to read 250-350 characters
- Be able to use 500-600 words
- Be able to write texts of 100-150 words
- Have improved reading comprehension
- Have improved listening and speaking skills
- Have improved writing skills
End of course test:
No test
MANDARIN READING COURSES COURSE OUTLINES
- Text Book:
- The Mandarin Reading Courses are designed for people wishing to develop their character reading skills in order to join our Mandarin Advanced 1, Mandarin Advanced 2 and Business Mandarin Advanced Courses. The Reading Courses are also suitable for people wishing to undertake the HSK Level 3 and Level 4 Tests in Australia and China. HSK (Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi) is a Chinese Proficiency Test offered internationally, that rates the language ability of non-native speakers.
Early Learning 1 (Beginner)
- Text Book:
- Chinese Made Easy for Kids -Book 1 (Lesson 1-8)
- Pre-requisites:
No prior or very little knowledge required.
Age Group:
4-5 years
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
Stage 2
Duration of course:
1-2 school terms (20-40 hours)
- Topics:
Topics:
- Mandarin pronunciation and the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Numbers
- Greetings
- Apologizing and responding
- Given name and surname
- Family
- Age
- Colours
Grammar:
- Initial and final sounds
- Tones
- ‘What’ questions
- ‘Ma’ questions
- Personal pronouns
- ‘There is’/’there are’
Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
- Sound the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Use the tone system
- Count
- Know the names of colours
- Greet people
- Introduce themselves and others
- Talk about family members
- Ask and answer basic questions about people, age and family
- Relate their likes and dislikes
- Recognize some basic Chinese characters
- Sing Chinese songs
Early Learning 1 (Ongoing)
- Text Book:
- Chinese Made Easy for Kids, Book 1 (Lessons 9-16)
- Pre-requisites:
Early Learning 1 (Beginner) or equivalent
Age Group:
4-5 years
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
Stage 3
Duration of course:
2 school terms (40 hours)
- Topics:
Topics:
- Revision of the Pinyin phonetic alphabet and Mandarin pronunciation
- More greetings
- About yourself
- More on family topics
- Large numbers
- More on likes and dislikes
- School uniform and clothes
- Looks and appearance
- Animals
- Fruit and vegetables
- Drink and food
- My school bag
- My home and my room
- Chinese songs
- Basic Chinese characters
- Chinese character structure and stroke order
- Chinese cultural notes, traditions and stories
Grammar:
- More on ‘ma’ questions
- More on ‘what’ questions
- Question words: ‘who’, ‘whose’
- ‘This is’/’that is’
- I wear …
- Adjectives
- ‘You have’
- Every day: ‘mei tian’
Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
- Count to large numbers
- Introduce themselves and others
- Talk about family members and kinship
- Ask and answer questions about people, their appearance, age and family
- Answer simple questions
- Comprehend simple Mandarin conversations
- Recognize additional basic Chinese characters
- Sing more Chinese songs
Early Learning 2 (Beginner)
- Text Book:
- Chinese Made Easy for Kids, Book 1 (Lessons 1-8)
- Pre-requisites:
No prior knowledge
Age Group:
6-8 years
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
Stage 3
Duration of course:
1-2 school terms (20-40 hours)
- Topics:
Topics:
- Mandarin pronunciation and the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Numbers
- Greetings
- Apologizing and responding
- Given name and surname
- Family
- Age
- Colours
- Chinese songs
Grammar:
- Initial and final sounds
- Tones
- ‘What’ questions
- ‘Ma’ questions
- Personal pronouns
- ‘There is’/’there are’
- Likes and dislikes
- Basic Chinese characters
- Chinese character structure and stroke order
- Chinese cultural notes
Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
- Sound the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Use the tone system
- Count
- Know the names of colours
- Greet people
- Introduce themselves and others
- Talk about family members
- Ask and answer basic questions about people, age and family
- Relate their likes and dislikes
- Recognize some basic Chinese characters
- Sing Chinese songs
Early Learning 2 (Ongoing)
- Text Book:
- Chinese Made Easy for Kids, Book 1 (Lessons 9-16)
- Pre-requisites:
Early Learning 1 (Beginner) or equivalent
Age Group:
6-8 years
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
Stage 3
Duration of course:
2 school terms (40 hours)
- Topics:
Topics:
- Revision of the Pinyin phonetic alphabet and Mandarin pronunciation
- More greetings
- About yourself
- More on family topics
- Large numbers
- More on likes and dislikes
- School uniform and clothes
- Looks and appearance
- Animals
- Fruit and vegetables
- Drink and food
- My school bag
- My home and my room
- Chinese songs
- Basic Chinese characters
- Chinese character structure and stroke order
- Chinese cultural notes, traditions and stories
Grammar:
- More on ‘ma’ questions
- More on ‘what’ questions
- Question words: ‘who’, ‘whose’
- ‘This is’/’that is’
- I wear …
- Adjectives
- ‘You have’
- Every day: ‘mei tian’
Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
- Count to large numbers
- Introduce themselves and others
- Talk about family members and kinship
- Ask and answer questions about people, their appearance, age and family
- Answer simple questions
- Comprehend simple Mandarin conversations
- Recognize additional basic Chinese characters
- Sing more Chinese songs
Junior 1 (Beginner)
- Text Book:
- Chinese Made Easy for Kids, Book 1 (Lessons 1-8)
- Pre-requisites:
No prior knowledge
Age Group:
9-12 years
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
Stage 4
Duration of course:
1-2 school terms (equivalent to 20-40 hours)
- Topics:
Topics:
- Mandarin pronunciation and the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Numbers
- Greetings
- Apologizing and responding
- Given name and surname
- Family
- Age
- Colours
- Chinese songs
Grammar:
- Initial and final sounds
- Tones
- ‘What’ questions
- ‘Ma’ questions
- Personal pronouns
- ‘There is’/’there are’
- Likes and dislikes
- Basic Chinese characters
- Chinese character structure and stroke order
- Chinese cultural notes, traditions and stories
Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
- Sound the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Use the tone system
- Count
- Know the names of colours
- Greet people
- Introduce themselves and others
- Talk about family members
- Ask and answer basic questions about people, age and family
- Relate their likes and dislikes
- Recognize some basic Chinese characters
- Sing Chinese songs
Junior 1 (Ongoing)
- Text Book:
- Chinese Made Easy for Kids, Book 1 (Lessons 9-16)
- Pre-requisites:
Junior 1 (Beginner) or equivalent
Age Group:
9-12 years
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
Stage 4
Duration of course:
2 school terms (40 hours)
- Topics:
Topics:
- Revision of the Pinyin phonetic alphabet and Mandarin pronunciation
- More greetings
- About yourself
- More on family topics
- Large numbers
- More on likes and dislikes
- School uniform and clothes
- Looks and appearance
- Animals
- Fruit and vegetables
- Drink and food
- My school bag
- My home and my room
- Chinese songs
- Basic Chinese characters
- Chinese character structure and stroke order
- Chinese cultural notes, traditions and stories
Grammar:
- More on ‘ma’ questions
- More on ‘what’ questions
- Question words: ‘who’, ‘whose’
- ‘This is’/’that is’
- I wear …
- Adjectives
- ‘You have’
- Every: ‘mei’
Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
- Count to large numbers
- Introduce themselves and others
- Talk about family members and kinship
- Ask and answer questions about people, their appearance, age and family
- Answer simple questions
- Comprehend simple Mandarin conversations
- Recognize additional basic Chinese characters
- Sing more Chinese songs
Junior 2 (Beginner)
- Text Book:
- Chinese Made Easy for Kids, Book 2 (Lessons 1-8)
- Pre-requisites:
Completion of Chinese Made Easy for Kids, Book 1 or 1 year of study
Age Group:
13-15 years
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
Stage 5
Duration of course:
2 school terms (40 hours)
- Topics:
Topics:
- Revision of Mandarin pronunciation and the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Revision of Chinese characters
- Where do you live?
- More on family life
- Day, date and birthday
- The Chinese zodiac
- More on colours
- Describing people
- School life
- My classmates
- Nationalities
- More Chinese characters
- Chinese songs
- Chinese cultural notes, traditions and stories
Grammar:
- Question words: ‘where’, ‘how many’, etc
- Measure words
- More on adjectives
- Reduplicated adjectives
- You have …
- More on likes and dislikes
- Prepositional phrases
- Some: ‘you de’
Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
- Make friends by asking for name, age, nationality, language spoken, zodiac sign
- Talk about family members and kinship
- Ask the time, day, date and birthday
- Describe daily activities
- Talk about school life
- Tell more about their likes and dislikes
- Create and tell their own stories
- Recognize and write more Chinese characters
- Sing more Chinese songs
Junior 2 (Ongoing)
- Text Book:
- Chinese Made Easy for Kids, Book 2 (Lessons 9-16)
- Pre-requisites:
Junior 1 (Beginner) or 1½ years of study
Age Group:
13-15 years
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
Stage 5
Duration of course:
2 school terms (40 hours)
- Topics:
Topics:
- Revision of Chinese characters
- Vocabulary revision
- Nationalities
- Chinese and other languages
- My school
- Classroom and everyday instructions
- The time
- Daily activities
- Meals
- Transportation
- Hobbies
- More Chinese songs
- More Chinese characters
- Chinese cultural notes, traditions and stories
Grammar:
- Question words: ‘how’, ‘why’, etc
- Can: ‘hui’
- Modal verb ‘would like to’: ‘xiang’
- Please: ‘qing’
- Don’t: ‘bie’
- Topic and comment sentence structure
- Time expressions
- Usually: ‘yiban’
- Adverbs
Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
- Ask the time, day, date and birthday
- Describe everyday routines
- Talk about school life
- Discuss hobbies
- Talk about travel by different modes of transport
- Create and tell their own stories
- Recognize and write more Chinese characters
- Sing more Chinese songs
Reading 1 (Background speakers)
- Text Book:
- Easy Steps to Chinese, Book 1 (Lessons 1-15)
- Pre-requisites:
- No prior reading knowledge
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
- Stage 3
Duration of course:
- 2-3 school terms (40-60 hours)
- Topics:
- The Pinyin phonetic alphabet and basic strokes
- Numbers
- Greetings
- Names and age
- Family
- Occupation
- Dates and days
- Time and daily activities
- Means of transport
- Colours
- Clothing
- Parts of the body
- Chinese character structure and stroke order
- Chinese cultural notes
Outcomes:
Children will:
- Be able to read 150-200 characters
- Be able to use 300-400 words
- Be able to write texts of 50-60 words
- Have improved reading comprehension
- Have improved listening and speaking skills
- Have improved writing skills
End of course test:
- No test
Reading 2 (Background speakers)
- Text Book:
- Easy Steps to Chinese, Book 2 (Lessons 1-15)
- Pre-requisites:
- Completion of Easy Steps to Chinese Book 1 or 1 year of study
NSW Department of Education Syllabus equivalent:
- Stage 4
Duration of course:
- 2-3 school terms (40-60 hours)
- Topics:
- Revision of the Pinyin phonetic alphabet and basic strokes
- Revision of Chinese characters
- Countries, nationalities and languages
- School subjects
- Making phone calls
- Weather and seasons
- Seeing doctor
- Hobby 1: Music
- Hobby 2: Sports
- Hobby 3: Dance
- Vegetables and fruits
- Daily meals
- Eating out
- House and furniture
- Neighbourhood
- Chinese character structure and stroke order
- Chinese cultural notes, traditions and stories
Outcomes:
Children will:
- Be able to read 250-350 characters
- Be able to use 500-600 words
- Be able to write texts of 100-150 words
- Have improved reading comprehension
- Have improved listening and speaking skills
- Have improved writing skills
End of course test:
- No test
Mandarin Elementary 2
- Text Book:
- Colloquial Chinese, Book 1 (Lessons 5-8)
- Pre-requisites:
No prior or very little knowledge required.
- Topics:
Topics:
- Revision of Mandarin pronunciation and the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Large numbers
- Family and friends
- Work
- Ordinal numbers
- Days and date
- Weather and climate
- Travel plans
- Locations and directions
- Transport
- Monetary units
- Measure words
- Shopping (1)
Grammar:
- More on affirmative-negative questions
- Location and direction words
- More question words: where, how, why, etc
- Measure words
- More on particle ‘le’
- Modal verbs ‘xiang’, ‘yao’, ‘keyi’
- Modal verb ‘hui’
- Verbs with complements (1)
- Sentences with ‘gei’
- Verbs with the result complement (1)
- Past tense
- Present continuous tense
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Describe locations and give directions
- Travel by different modes of transport
- Discuss the weather and climate
- Discuss travel plans
- Go shopping
- Arrange to go out for various activities
- Ask for and make comments
Mandarin Elementary 3
- Text Book:
- Colloquial Chinese, Book 1 (Lessons 9-12)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin Elementary 1 & 2 or 30-40 hours of prior study
- Topics:
Topics:
- Reinforcing Mandarin pronunciation and the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Revision of measure words
- Revision of money
- Shopping (2)
- Talking about clothes, size and colours
- Making comparisons
- Discussing past experiences
- Food and drink
- Eating at a restaurant
- Catching a taxi and buying train tickets
- Booking a hotel room
- Making a complaint
- Character study
Grammar:
- Questions of choice using ‘or’
- Verbs with the directional complement
- ‘Shi … de’ structure
- ‘Yao … le’
- Prepositional phrases
- Not at all: ‘yi … ye bu’
- Asking for permission and responding
- The modal verb ‘can’
- Verb + ‘guo’
- Continuous and future tenses
- Verbs with complements (2)
- Adverbs ‘hai’ and ‘zai’
- Adverbs ‘cai’ and ‘jiu’
- Verbs with the result complement (2)
- ‘Shi bu shi’ sentences
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss clothes, sizes, colours and price
- Issue an invitation and decline an invitation politely
- Express different concepts of ‘can’
- Order food at a restaurant
- Book a hotel room
- Catch a taxi and buy train tickets
Mandarin Intermediate 1
- Text Book:
- Colloquial Chinese, Book 2 (Lessons 1-4)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin Elementary 3 or 40-50 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 100 characters- Topics:
Topics:
- Your experience learning Mandarin
- Describing locations and giving directions
- Travel experiences in China
- Organizing a travel itinerary
- Travel advice
- Chinese culture
- Seeing a doctor
- Health and exercise
- Sports
- Chinese food
- Organizing a party
- Comparing Chinese and Western food
- Character study
Grammar:
- Verb + object + verb + ‘de’ (得) + complement
- ‘Lian … ye …’ (连 …也 …)
- ‘Duoshao’ (多少) versus ‘ji’ (几)
- ‘Shi … de’ (是 … 的) to indicate the past
- The comparative using ‘bi’ (比)
- While: ‘yibian … yibian …’ (一边 … 一边 …)
- Verb with complement ‘wan’ (完)
- Using ‘de … bing’ (得 … 病) to describe health problems
- More + verb: ‘duo’ (多) + verb
- ‘Shenme’ (什么) used in negative sentences and as an indefinite pronoun
- ‘Bingqie’ (并且) versus ‘he’ (和)
- ‘Ba’ (把)’Or’: ‘haishi’ (还是) versus ‘huozhe’ (或者)
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss your Chinese language learning experience
- Discuss travel experiences and organize an itinerary
- Give and ask for directions
- Use public transport
- Talk about health conditions and see a doctor
- Plan a leisure activity
- Discuss the difference between Chinese food and Western food
Mandarin Intermediate 2
- Text Book:
- Colloquial Chinese, Book 2 (Lessons 5-8)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin Intermediate 1 or 60-70 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 200 characters- Topics:
Topics:
- Celebrating Chinese New Year
- Personal interests and hobbies
- Chinese literature
- Sports and games
- Primary school education in China
- University life in China
- Studying overseas
- Looking for jobs
- Aspirations and careers
- Character study
Grammar:
- Adverbs: ‘cai’ (才) versus ‘jiu’ (就)
- Chinese couplets (春联)
- Plural ‘-men’ (们)
- 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac
- ‘Since’: ‘zicong… yilai’ (自从 … 以来)
- More on verbs with the result complement and the potential complement
- ‘Yixie’ (一些) versus ‘youxie’ (有些)
- More on particle ‘le’ (了)
- Comparing and contrasting
- ‘However’: ‘er’ (而), ‘danshi’ (但是)
- Topic-comment sentence structure
- The passive voice
- Conditional sentences (‘If … ‘)
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Convey Chinese New Year greetings
- Discuss personal interests and hobbies
- Discuss education in China
- Discuss overseas study experiences
- Discuss aspirations and career paths
Mandarin Intermediate 3
- Text Book:
- Colloquial Chinese, Book 2 (Lessons 9-12)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin Elementary 2 or 80 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 300 characters- Topics:
Topics:
- Public transport
- Environmental issues
- Computers and the internet
- New technology and the information revolution
- Marriage as a social issue
- Child rearing
- Lifestyle changes in China
- The Open Door Policy and reform in China
- Urban and country life in China
- China’s economic growth (1)
- Character study
Grammar:
- Formal passive voice marker ‘bei’ (被)
- ‘Dei’ (得): have to and its negative form
- Informal passive voice markers: 让,叫,给 …
- More on end of sentence particle ‘le’ (了)
- ‘Not only … but also …’ (不但 … 而且 …)
- 在 … 上
- 学 versus 学会
- ‘De’ (得) before a verbal phrase or clause
- 宁愿 … 也 …
- 凑合
- 无论 … 还是…, 不管 … 还是 …
- More on 把 sentences
- 虽然 … 但是 …
- 要是…, 就好了!
- Idioms and proverbs (成语和俗语,俚语)
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss public transport
- Discuss environmental issues
- Discuss the influence of computers and the internet on people’s lives
- Discuss new technology and its impact on everyday life
- Discuss marriage and children
- Discuss lifestyle changes
- Discuss economic growth
Mandarin Advanced 1
- Text Book:
- Material provided by Macquarie Mandarin
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin Intermediate 3 or 100 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 400 characters- Topics:
Topics:
- Reading about and discussing recent events and other topical issues
- Giving an oral presentation
- Social issues
- Business issues
- Chinese culture
- Slang, proverbs, idioms
- Character study
Grammar:
- Grammar points from the reading material provided
- Complex sentences
- Useful expressions
- Written and colloquial expression
- Formal and informal styles
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss social life in China
- Discuss social issues in China
- Use more slang, proverbs and idioms
- Give a speech at a social occasion or present a report at a business event
- Communicate at a higher level in a variety of contexts
- Understand spoken Mandarin in a variety of contexts
Mandarin Advanced 2
- Text Book:
- Material provided by Macquarie Mandarin
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin Advanced 1 or 120 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 800 characters- Topics:
Topics:
- Cultural/social topics
- The changing world
- Global issues
- Youth culture
- Individuals and the community
- China’s economic growth (2)
- Cross-cultural issues
- Further news studies
Grammar:
- Grammar points from the reading material provided
- Complex sentences
- Useful expressions
- More slang terms
- Written and colloquial expression
- Formal and informal styles
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Express your ideas, opinions and thoughts on various topics
- Discuss attitudes, opinions and ideas
- Better understand written and spoken language
- Argue and debate various topics
- Use a wider range of vocabulary
- Understand different Mandarin genres
Mandarin 1 (Beginner 1)
- Text Book:
- Conversational Chinese 301, Book 1 (Lessons 1-8)
- Pre-requisites:
No prior knowledge
- Topics:
Topics:
- Introduction to Mandarin
- Mandarin pronunciation and the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Formal and informal greetings and leave-taking
- Name, nationality, job and age
- Introducing yourself and others
- Family and friends
- Numbers
- Asking the time
- Daily activities
- Day and date
- Making suggestions
Grammar:
- Yes/no questions
- This is/that is
- Have/not have
- Question words: ‘shenme’, ‘ne’, ‘ba’, ‘shei’
- Topic + comment structure
- ‘… hao ma?’
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Greet people formally and informally
- Introduce yourself and others
- Discuss and gather personal information about jobs, nationalities and age
- Discuss family members and marital status
- Ask the time and date
- Describe daily activities
- Make suggestions
- Particle ‘le’
Mandarin 2 (Beginner 2)
- Text Book:
- Conversational Chinese 301, Book 1 (Lessons 9-16)
- Pre-requisites:
No prior knowledge
- Topics:
Topics:
- Revision of Mandarin pronunciation and the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Revision of numbers
- Revision of other key topics from Mandarin 1
- Locations
- Giving directions
- Monetary units
- Measure words
- Shopping
- Changing buses
- Money exchange
- Phone calls
- Past experiences
Grammar:
- Affirmative-negative questions
- Location and direction words
- More question words: where, how, why, etc
- Measure words
- More on particle ‘le’
- Reduplication of verbs
- Modal verbs ‘xiang’, ‘yao’, ‘keyi’
- Modal verb ‘hui’
- Ordinal numbers
- Sentences with ‘gei’
- Verbs with the result complement (1)
- Past experiences: verb + ‘guo’
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Describe locations and give directions
- Handle monetary units and express different currencies
- Go shopping
- Arrange to go out for various activities
- Talk about clothes, sizes, colour and prices
- Travel by bus
- Exchange money
- Make phone calls
Mandarin 3 (Elementary 1)
- Text Book:
- Conversational Chinese 301, Books 1 & 2 (Lessons 17-24)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 1 & 2 or 30-40 hours of prior study
- Topics:
Topics:
- Reinforcing Mandarin pronunciation and the Pinyin phonetic alphabet
- Revision of measure words
- Revision of money, prices, size and colours
- Weather and climate
- Leisure and sports
- Picking up people from the airport
- Food and drink
- Inviting people to events
- Declining an invitation
- Persuasion
- Apologies, running late and being absent
- Borrowing and lending things
- Character study
Grammar:
- Questions of choice: or
- Verbs with the directional complement (1)
- ‘Shi … de’ structure
- ‘Yao … le’
- Prepositional phrases
- Not at all: ‘yi … ye bu’
- Asking for permission and responding
- The modal verb can
- Continuous and future tenses
- Adverbs ‘hai’ and ‘zai’
- Adverbs ‘cai’ and ‘jiu’
- Verbs with the result complement (2)
- ‘Shi bu shi’
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss the weather and climate
- Issue an invitation and decline an invitation politely
- Talk about sports and leisure
- Express different concepts of ‘can’
- Order food and drinks
- Apologise
- Read 20 characters
Mandarin 4 (Elementary 2)
- Text Book:
- Conversational Chinese 301, Book 2 (Lessons 25-32)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 3 or 50-60 hours of prior study
- Topics:
Topics:
- Character revision
- Review expressing past experiences
- Revision of all question words
- Praising and responding
- Making strong suggestions
- Making comparisons
- More about the weather
- More on sports and leisure
- Language learning
- Travel experiences
- Buying air and train tickets
- Character study
Grammar:
- Both … and: ‘you … you’
- Rhetorical questions
- Verbs with the potential complement (1)
- Past and perfect tenses
- Comparisons with ‘bi’
- If: ‘yaoshi’
- ‘Ba’ sentences
- Chinese proverbs
- Complex sentences
- More on adverbs
- Verbs with the duration complement (1)
- As soon as … then …: ‘yi … jiu’
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Offer congratulations on various occasions
- Make comparisons
- Discuss language learning
- Discuss travel experiences
- Give travel advice
- Buy air and train tickets
- Read 50-60 characters
Mandarin 5 (Intermediate 1)
- Text Book:
- Conversational Chinese 301, Book 2 (Lessons 33-40)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 4 or 60-80 hours of prior study. Knowledge of 50-60 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Character revision
- Revision of complex sentences
- Booking a hotel room
- Seeing a doctor (1)
- Comforting people
- Seeing people off at a train station or railway
- Shipment of luggage
- Bon voyage
- Helping people to make arrangements
- More Chinese proverbs
- Character study
Grammar:
- Reduplication of adjectives
- More on ‘ba’ sentences
- More on complex sentences
- More adverbs
- More measure words
- Verbs with the result complement (3)
- Passive voice: ‘bei’
- Verbs with the duration complement (2)
- Verbs with the potential complement (2)
- ‘yi … jiu …’
- the more …, the more …
- the adjective ‘getting’: ‘yue lai yue’
- continuation and progression of an action: ‘zhe’
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Book a hotel room
- See a doctor
- Comfort people
- See people off at a train station or airport
- Ship luggage
- Use more Chinese proverbs
- Read 100-150 characters
Mandarin 6 (Intermediate 2)
- Text Book:
- Colloquial Chinese, Book 2 (Lessons 1-4)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 5 or 100 hours of prior study.
Knowledge of 100-150 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Your experience learning Mandarin
- Travel experiences in China
- Organizing a travel itinerary
- Travel advice
- Chinese culture
- Seeing a doctor (2)
- Health and exercise
- Chinese food
- Organizing a party
- Comparing Chinese and Western food
- Character study
Grammar:
- Verb + object + verb + ‘de’ (得) + complement
- ‘Lian … ye …’ (连 …也 …)
- ‘Duoshao’ (多少) versus ‘ji’ (几)
- ‘Shi … de’ (是 … 的) to indicate the past
- The comparative using ‘bi’ (比)
- While: ‘yibian … yibian …’ (一边 … 一边 …)
- Verb with complement ‘wan’ (完)
- Using ‘de … bing’ (得 … 病) to describe health problems
- ‘More’ + verb: ‘duo’ (多) + verb
- ‘Shenme’ (什么) used in negative sentences and as an indefinite pronoun
- ‘Bingqie’ (并且) versus ‘he’ (和)
- ‘Ba’ (把)
- ‘Or’: ‘haishi’ (还是) versus ‘huozhe’ (或者)
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss your Chinese language learning experience
- Discuss travel experiences and organize an itinerary
- Give and ask for directions
- Use public transport
- Talk about health conditions and see a doctor
- Plan a leisure activity
- Discuss the difference between Chinese food and Western food
- Read 150-200 characters
Mandarin 7 (Upper Intermediate 1)
- Text Book:
- Colloquial Chinese, Book 2 (Lessons 5-8)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 6 or 120 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 150-200 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Celebrating Chinese New Year
- Personal interests and hobbies
- Chinese literature
- Sports and games
- Primary school education in China
- University life in China
- Studying overseas
- Looking for jobs
- Aspirations and careers
- Character study
Grammar:
- Adverbs: ‘cai’ (才) versus ‘jiu’ (就)
- Chinese couplets (春联)
- Plural ‘-men’ (们)
- 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac
- ‘Since’: ‘zicong … yilai’ (自从 … 以来)
- More on verbs with the result complement or the potential complement
- ‘Yixie’ (一些) versus ‘youxie’ (有些)
- More on particle ‘le’ (了)
- Comparing and contrasting
- ‘However’: ‘er’ (而) or ‘danshi’ (但是)
- Topic-comment sentence structure
- The passive voice
- Conditional sentences (‘If … ‘)
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Convey Chinese New Year greetings
- Discuss personal interests and hobbies
- Discuss education in China
- Discuss overseas study experiences
- Discuss aspirations and career paths
- Read at least 300 characters
Mandarin 8 (Upper Intermediate 2)
- Text Book:
- Colloquial Chinese, Book 2 (Lessons 9-12)
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 7 or 120-150 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 300 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Public transport
- Environmental issues
- Computers and the internet
- New technology and the information revolution
- Marriage as a social issue
- Child rearing
- Lifestyle changes in China
- The Open Door Policy and reform in China
- Urban and country life in China
- China’s economic growth (1)
- Character study
Grammar:
- Formal passive voice marker ‘bei’ (被)
- ‘Dei’ (得): have to and its negative form
- Informal passive voice markers: 让,叫,给…
- More on end of sentence particle ‘le’ (了)
- ‘Not only … but also …’ (不但 … 而且 …)
- 在 … 上
- 学 versus 学会
- ‘De’ (得) before a verbal phrase or clause
- 宁愿 … 也 …
- 凑合
- 无论 … 还是 …, 不管… 还是 …
- More on 把 sentences
- 虽然 … 但是 …
- 要是 …,就好了!
- Idioms and proverbs (成语和俗语,俚语)
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss public transport
- Discuss environmental issues
- Discuss the influence of computers and the internet on people’s lives
- Discuss new technology and its impact on everyday life
- Discuss marriage and children
- Discuss lifestyle changes
- Discuss economic growth
- Read 400 characters
Mandarin Advanced 1
- Text Book:
- Material provided by Macquarie Mandarin
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin 8 or 150 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 400 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Reading about and discussing recent events and other topical issues
- Giving an oral presentation
- Social issues
- Business issues
- Chinese culture
- Slang, proverbs, idioms
- Character study
Grammar:
- Grammar points from the reading material provided
- Complex sentences
- Useful expressions
- Written and colloquial expression
- Formal and informal styles
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Discuss social life in China
- Discuss social issues in China
- Use more slang, proverbs and idioms
- Give a speech at a social occasion or present a report at a business event
- Communicate at a higher level in a variety of contexts
- Understand spoken and written Mandarin in a variety of contexts
- Read approximately 800 characters
Mandarin Advanced 2
- Text Book:
- Material provided by Macquarie Mandarin
- Pre-requisites:
Mandarin Advanced 1 or 180 hours of prior study
Knowledge of 800 characters
- Topics:
Topics:
- Cultural/social topics
- The changing world
- Global issues
- Youth culture
- Individuals and the community
- China’s economic growth (2)
- Cross-cultural issues
- Further news studies
Grammar:
- Grammar points from the reading material provided
- Complex sentences
- Useful expressions
- More slang terms
- Written and colloquial expression
- Formal and informal styles
Outcomes:
You will be able to:
- Express your ideas, opinions and thoughts on various topics
- Discuss attitudes, opinions and ideas
- Better understand written and spoken language
- Argue and debate various topics
- Use a wider range of vocabulary
- Understand different Mandarin genres